Illustration, amplification and disjuncture

Andrew Goodwin suggests music promos can interpret or use the meanings created in the song lyric in either:
1- Illustration - basically illustrating the ideas/narrative in the song lyrics. E.g. Eminem-Stan

2- Amplification - uses a key idea or image from the lyrics and develops it into a concept within the promo. A link remains between the lyric and the promo.

3- Disjuncture - the promo bears no resemblance to the lyric or its meaning: Arty videos with a new range of meanings for the song.

Illustration

One music promo which uses illustration is Avril Lavigne's 'Girlfriend' music promo. This video shows the clear rivalry between the girlfriend and the jealous girl who has a crush on her boyfriend. The lyrics and music promo match and link throughout the music promo e.g. when Avril Lavigne says 'a secret' she puts her finger to her lips to show it is not allowed to be spoken about.


Amplification

One music promo which uses amplification is Coldplay's 'The Scientist' which take a line from the chorus and makes the music promo follow a storyline inspired by that line of the lyrics. The line which Coldplay focus their music promo for 'The Scientist' is 'Back to the start', the music promo is ran backwards and shows the lead singer going back to the start. This engages the audience and makes the music promo interesting but also quite easy for the audience to understand.

Disjuncture

One music promo which uses amplification is Calvin Harris' 'Not Alone' which follows no link to the song and just shows people getting infected by the music and beginning to dance. This makes the music video more interesting for the audience to view and enjoy.